Free Essays on Auschwitz

Auschwitz Concentration Camp â€Å"Children and their moms shouting out to each different as they are being constrained apart.† That is the thing that Auschwitz is about. It was assessed that the passings of the Jews, and Gypsies went from 1.5 million to 9 million individuals (Aushwitz, pg.19). Be that as it may nothing can contrast with what these individuals went through.The awful cleanliness issues, the human tests that were performed, and the savage gas chambers. The individuals at Auschwitz needed to manage numerous cleanliness issues. They were just given little parts of bread and meager soup. The main attire these individuals has were long stripes jackets and comic berets for their heads. In this they persevered through the virus winters, of shopping center nourishment and hard work. The rooms were they dozed had bunkbeds with three bunks. More often than not progressively a few people needed to rest in a similar bunk without sheets or sleeping pads. They were rarely perfect what's more, were helpless to numerous maladies. A few illnesses originated from the spoiling bodies, that couldn't be consumed right away. Be that as it may, they could never free expectation, be that as it may, what came next was beyond what they could exposed. The human tests led on the detainees were merciless and wiped out. One of the most celebrated specialists, Josef Mengele, was entranced with twin tests. He would draw blood from one twin to another. He would likewise infuse synthetic compounds into children’s eyes, to check whether they would change shading. The specialists would direct medical procedures without sedatives, and infuse casualties with ailments. One of the examinations Dr. Mengele directed included to infuse chloroform to execute the youngsters and dismember them, tearing every single bit of the twins bodies separated (Auschwitz.dk). As one twin reviews: â€Å" Dr. Mengele had consistently been increasingly intrigued in Tibi. I don't know why-perhapsbecause ... Free Essays on Auschwitz Free Essays on Auschwitz Auschwitz Concentration Camp â€Å"Children and their moms shouting out to each different as they are being constrained apart.† That is the thing that Auschwitz is about. It was assessed that the passings of the Jews, and Gypsies extended from 1.5 million to 9 million individuals (Aushwitz, pg.19). In any case nothing can contrast with what these individuals went through.The awful cleanliness issues, the human tests that were performed, and the dangerous gas chambers. The individuals at Auschwitz needed to manage numerous cleanliness issues. They were just given little bits of bread and meager soup. The main apparel these individuals has were long stripes jackets and comic berets for their heads. In this they persevered through the virus winters, of shopping center nourishment and hard work. The rooms were they dozed had bunkbeds with three bunks. More often than not progressively a few people needed to rest in a similar bunk without sheets or beddings. They were rarely perfect what's more, were powerless to numerous illnesses. A few maladies originated from the spoiling bodies, that couldn't be consumed right away. Be that as it may, they could never free expectation, be that as it may, what came next was beyond what they could uncovered. The human examinations led on the detainees were merciless and debilitated. One of the most celebrated specialists, Josef Mengele, was entranced with twin tests. He would draw blood from one twin to another. He would likewise infuse synthetic compounds into children’s eyes, to check whether they would change shading. The specialists would direct medical procedures without sedatives, and infuse casualties with ailments. One of the examinations Dr. Mengele led included to infuse chloroform to murder the kids and dismember them, tearing every single bit of the twins bodies separated (Auschwitz.dk). As one twin reviews: â€Å" Dr. Mengele had consistently been increasingly intrigued in Tibi. I don't know why-perhapsbecause ... Free Essays on Auschwitz The name Auschwitz rings dread to the ears of such a large number of. Its name was additionally connected with being called â€Å"The Gates of Hell†. It was the biggest out of all the concentration camps, and slaughtered the most Jews than some other inhumane imprisonment. Auschwitz is really arranged in Poland, and it was situated in the modest community of Oswiecim. At the point when Germany involved Poland in 1939, Oswiecim was fused into Germany, and thusly renamed Auschwitz. The SS contended that correctional facilities and jail couldn't address its issues due to expanding Polish obstruction, so they chose to transform it into an inhumane imprisonment, however the genuine explanation they set up it was a direct result of the mass captures on the Poles. Auschwitz was in this manner set up in the 1940’s before the†Final Solution of the Jewish Question†, which was later brought out to murder all Jews. Never has there been such mass homicide on the planet when contrasted with World War II and the decimation of such a large number of guiltless individuals. On the off chance that individuals would attempt to get away from the camp, and they would be gotten, the Germans would do awful things to them. Auschwitz was simpler to escape than other death camps in Germany since it was not encircled by Germans. Along these lines, there were a ton of prisoner’s and the Germans felt they needed to stop it, so on the off chance that they would find a detainee getting away from they would either shoot him, and balance his body at the camp doors or they would take the detainee and drape them at move call so every other person would have the option to see. On the off chance that a prisoner would effectively get away, at that point the Germans would take the inmate’s flat mates and rebuff them. The general number of individuals that passed on was somewhere in the range of 1,100,000 and 1,500,000. Some imagine that in any event 1,100,000 Jews from all of Europe passed on at Auschwitz. This incorporates 140,000 Poles, 2,000 Jews, 10,000 Soviet detainees, and around 10,000 others of different nationalities. Auschwitz was really a progression of three camps. Auschwitz I was the first and most established of the three...

Australian Securities and Investments Commission Citigroup

Question: Talk about the Australian Securities and Investments Commission Citigroup. Answer: Presentation The fundamental issue which stimulate for this situation was whether the states of a correspondence of understanding, under which a venture bank have removed the resource of any sensible association between the store and its customers (Australasian Legal Information Institute, 2007). It has been fought that, regardless of the means of a segment in the correspondence which has precluded the continuation of such an affiliation, the bank has abused guaranteed sensible obligation towards its customers by blurring to get the proficient endorsement of the customer to do a restrictive exchange the control of the objectives shares by other segment of the bank. The offended party also has fought that the procurement, and following exchange, of an area of the heap of the offers which were being checked, contained insider exchanging (Australian Securities Investments Commission, 2007). Realities: Citigroup worldwide Markets Australia Pty Ltd was an upper appendage of the Citigroup Inc, a worldwide financial administrations enterprise. Its exchange was cultivated right through different areas, which included venture assortment and arrangement of values. So as to do its giving, it holds an Australian budgetary administrations permit (McCabe, 2007). The laborers of Citigroup who works in venture banking were presented to the mystery, and market inclined data which is known as the shrouded side of a business. Extra individuals from the enterprise works in territories, for example, managing of values, were not revealed to the secret data, this side is known as the open side. As per the act of the common commercial center, the partnership has perceived Chinese Walls to control the consecutive information. Some portion of the Public side of the enterprise incorporates the interior place of agreements of the banks for exchange and advancement of protections utilizing the accounts which were being possessed by the bank. It is known as exclusive exchanging (Hanrahan, 2007). On nineteenth August 2005, a broker in partnerships restrictive exchanging segment grounds the bank to purchase more than 1 million offers in Patrick Corporation Ltd. This overwhelming purchase and sell drove Patricks share cost up significantly (OBrien, 2007). Unfamiliar to the vendor, partnerships cryptic region was prescribing Toll Holdings Ltd comparable to a likely triumph exertion of Patrick. The states of associations relationship with Toll were set out in a correspondence of approval. Anyway the association has been helping Toll since scarcely any months, and noticeably has proficiently ensured the consent to propose on the takeover (Bright Law, 2016). A private side individual from staff uncovered that the open side of Citigroup has obtained Patrick shares. The free side was commandingly advised to end getting them, yet not the intention why. Likewise ensuing to the conversation, the free side vendor sold 20 % of the Patrick shares that had been gained (Jacobson, 2007). Contentions for the benefit of the Plaintiff: The principal idea of the conflicting contention was that the respondent has disregarded a portion of the areas of the Australian Financial Services laws in that it has damaged a sensible obligation payable by it towards the Toll so as to dodge contention of concern and duty (Allens Linklaters, 2007). The Plaintiff has explicitly expressed that the said asserted infringement of the sensible obligation by the litigant implies that: The respondent didn't had the adequate understandings for the association of the distinction of intrigue that would have emerged absolutely, or to a limited extent, identified with the activities embraced by the litigant; or its administrative body as far as the monetary administrations as a major aspect of its exchange for the financial administrations. The respondent was required to set up the understandings since it was a holder of an Australian Financial Service permit gave under Corporations Act 2001; The work added up to a deceptive and misleading conduct identified with monetary administrations, abusing the Corporations Act, 2001 and added up to the Unconscionable Conduct damaging the ASIC Act. The pertinent arrangements identified with the monetary administrations laws are the laws under which the offended party has been in position so as to convey a Civil Proceedings in the Court for non-congruity. It needed assortment of rules from the Court which were being identified with the supposed infringement, including the statements that the activity of the Defendant was done disregarding law, and directives were given requiring the litigant to take certain measures to fix those infringement (Devonshire, 2016). It is critical to take note of that, so as to figure argue a body of evidence against the litigant, the offended party has decided to contend just that the respondent has damaged these legal bye-laws by being in the circumstance of encroachment of a sensible commitment owed to by the litigant to Toll. The offended party didn't make a contention that the litigant has abused the protected bye-law in other manner. So as to set up that the litigants demonstration of exclusive exchanging shares has penetrated the sensible obligation which it owed to Toll, the offended party side has built up three significant things: The relationship among the respondent and the Toll was sensible in character and as per that it was basic to avoid any sort of contention among its private government assistance and its obligation towards Toll; The business which was initiated by the litigant has created a conflict of advantage and commitment; The Defendant didn't have the educated assent regarding the Toll for the endurance of the conflict. So as to find out the second of these things, the offended party needs to go one stage advance and learn that, since it was a sensible connection of the litigant to be paid to the Toll. It was the feeling of obligation of Citigroup to make all such kind of divulgences comparable to the issues which were relevant to its approval particularly when it was alert about such issues. The offended party might want to bring into notice of the court that such an obligation was inferred by the High Court on account of Daly v The Sydney Stock Exchange Limited (1986) 160 CLR 371 at 385. In the current case, the issue has been set up out of the obtaining made by the open laborer of more than 1 million offers in the Patrick Corporation at the occasion when the clandestine staff was performing for litigants customers, Toll, on an anticipated proposal of takeover. The offer was purchased up by the dealer who was taking a shot at the work area of exchanging found Equity Derivatives, inside the values Division (Barnett,2012). The offended party side needs to bring into notice of the court that it doesn't recommend that the seller was in responsibility for inside data when he procured the offers. However, when the buys made by the merchant got known to the secret workforce, activities were being used to instruct him to obstruct bringing in further offers. The offended party depends on the moves which were being made inside the respondent organization already when the dealers acquirement got referred to the individual representatives as connoting the insufficiencies of the Chinese dividers to stop the surge of the undisclosed realities from the cryptic workforce to the free side. The offended party additionally states that the arrangement made by the broker of the Patrick shares after a talk with the more significant position authority, involved insider exchanging by the respondent disregarding s 1043A of the Corporations Act. It has additionally stated that the respondent, being a specialist to Toll on its anticipated intrusion of the offers, has drawn in an association which was, in grave welcome, sensible. As a sensible obligation, the respondent was appreciative not to allow itself to be situated in a circumstance of the genuine or conceivable change emerging among its duty of commitment to Toll and its consideration in the returns required to be accomplished from its managing in the Shares (Lynch, 2016). It has been presented that the basic point made in the procedure was that if the business done by an association, for example, the litigant in the portions of its customers point partnership was to be accepted, the foundation expected to get the acquainted consent as determined previously. It was not satisfactory, for agree to be given in a roundabout way as the express authorization ought to be gotten. The primary focal point of the offended parties case was that for the isolation of the sensible relationship in the dispatch of order to be productive, it was serving upon the litigant to show the centralization of the Toll explicitly with the impact of disposal. It implies that the Toll has permitted the respondent to work together in Patrick shares on its own connection, in likely conflict with the government assistance of Toll. The Plaintiff likewise might want to bring into notice the focuses to the measures pre-dating the execution of the correspondence of assent as the piece of the case. However, on account of United Dominions Corporation Limited v Brian Pty Limited (1985) 157 CLR 1 at 11-12 it was unmistakably expressed that a trouble has emerged as a result of its renunciation of a guardian relationship pre-dating the veritable usage of the correspondence of consent. It was additionally contended by the offended party that there were three cases of contentions, for example, there was an infringement of s 1041H of the Corporations Act; break of s 12DA of the ASIC Act 2001; and infringement of s 12CA of the ASIC Act 2001. However, the entirety of the three cases relies on the endorsement of the contentions made by the offended party that the litigant owed a sensible obligation to Toll. Finally, the offended party made explicitly four significant cases against Citigroup which were as per the following: Encroachment of Fiduciary Relationship Citigroup has not expressed sufficient courses of action set up for overseeing clashes Misdirecting and tricky conduct was finished Insider exchanging End: The Court disposed of all of

Techochamber

Techochamber I was late to the game. When I joined social media in 2010â€"shortly after my mother died and my marriage unraveledâ€"I signed up for Facebook, Twitter, and MySpace on the same day, searching for connection. It quickly became apparent that, with my preference for prose, my Twitter account was the best place to connect with people I didnt know but wanted to know. So I followed people who interested me, rarely tweeting myselfâ€"reading, listening, and learning instead. What a resource! Instead of prying conversations out of coworkers and former schoolmates, I had access to people whose values reflected the person I aspired to be. Everyone I met on Twitter used this incredible tool to improve their lives, and all types of people were welcome. In time, however, we began to separate ourselves into self-selected tribes. From the comfort of our couches, we erected plexiglass walls around our ideologies and identities, creating an echochamber to protect us from our own insecurities. As the tribes grew larger, the walls grew taller and thicker, and the technology that once connected us now divided us. The tribes arent the problem, thoughâ€"the walls are the problem. In fact, tribes can be valuable: joining a group with high standards is one of the best ways to challenge ourselves; when we surround ourselves with people whose skills and knowledge are greater than our own, we gain competence, insight, wisdomâ€"all of which we can share with new members of the tribe. But when we protect an idea at the expense of our values, or when we attack others for immutable differences, or when we engage in recreational outrage, we lose sight of what brought us to the tribe in the first place: connection, not identity. Its not the amount of melanin in our skin, nor the presence of a Y chromosome, nor the logo on the car or T-shirt that makes us the best version of ourselvesâ€"its our values, which are shaped by our behaviors and the standards of the people around us. The solution, then, isnt to hurl our emotions back over the wall each time we disagree; the solution is to cut a hole in the wall and listen to the voices on the other side. An echochamber is a noisy place, though, so we better listen carefully. Then, eventually, instead of new walls, we can install welcome mats in front of our valuesâ€"because a tribe with shared values is infinitely stronger than an identity someone hands us. Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

The College Success Course - 646 Words

A quality education ignites a thirst for learning that forms a foundation for an affluent community. Unfortunately, an embarrassing amount of high school graduates of Bogalusa, Louisiana, are not thirsting for higher education. In 2011, City Data reported that 72.9% of adults, aged 25 or older living in Bogalusa, Louisiana, has a high school degree, but only 12.0% of the same population has earned a bachelor’s degree. This is an obvious problem for the individual students who decide not to go to college but the lack of higher education affects the entire community as a whole. Without a bachelor’s degree, students are less likely to be employed, more likely to live in poverty, and are less active citizens of their community. Students with a low level of education are also more likely of welfare dependency and crime. In order to raise the 12% college educated citizens in Bogalusa, high school juniors and seniors of Bogalusa High School should be required to complete a col lege success course before graduation. The ultimate purpose of the College Success course is to teach each junior and senior the benefits of successfully earning a bachelor’s degree and the consequences of choosing not to pursue higher education. This will be accomplished by helping students to define goals and interests, understanding college costs, and planning financially and academically. The first step is for the teacher to prepare a list of questions to help students define goals and interests. ThisShow MoreRelatedStudent Success Course For College1561 Words   |  7 Pagesthis student success course to hopefully become a well rounded student. The greatest take away was the strategies and tools I learned to help me succeed in life and in college as they were essential skills I lacked as a student. 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Hoops,Read MoreThe Relationship Between Student Success Courses and Academic Achievement of Community College Students645 Words   |  3 Pagesproblem With the intent of raising the state’s mediocre ranking among higher education institutions, the Tennessee Legislature passed into law the Complete College Act (CCA) in 2006. Setting a goal of increasing the number of college graduates by 3.5 percent annually, the law has radically reformed the way Tennessee funds its public community colleges and universities. Eliminating the old enrollment formula, which funded the institutions based on student enrollment headcounts, the CCA is a model ofRead MoreMy College Success Course Has Changed Me With New Perspectives And Valuable Skills937 Words   |  4 PagesSeveral of the readings, activities, and class discussions assigned in my College Success course have impacted me in a way that has provided me with new perspectives and valuable skills. This course has, so far, granted me with a new attitude towards my overall success. The activities challenge us students, by requiring us to engage and actively research topics that we can i ncorporate into our everyday lives. From the textbook, I have been able to apply a large portion of the material to my everydayRead MoreHigh Rigor Courses At Englewood High School941 Words   |  4 Pageshigh school curriculum is a strong predictor of college success and is positively related to standardized test scores, college enrollment rates, four-year graduation rates and negatively related to remediation rates. Additionally, students taking high rigor coursework receive several benefits in their postsecondary careers as college students including the ability to prove to universities that they have the ability to succeed in high rigor courses, improvement of writing skills and problem solvingRead MoreCollege And Career Readiness For College Students Essay1720 Words   |  7 PagesAs the United States economy requires more students to obtain college degrees, the number of students entering college unprepared becomes a pressing concern. According to Bragg Taylor (2014) growing concern of college and career readiness (CCR) in the United States is requiring policy makers and educators to review factors that contribute to success. When students enter college unprepared, remediation courses are taken costing the student monies for skills that could have been completed prior toRead MoreThe Focus Of My Action Research958 Words   |  4 Pages My student’s survey and interviews focused on their college experiences. Others questioned their assessment of their college classes, teachers, student service departments and so on. Questions on whether they would recommend the college to others, but my focus was on their college experience as an integrating themselves into college life. Some of the themes that are emerging are that most find lacking in matching schedules with courses offered. The lack of classes being offered in one campusRead MoreBenefits Of Studying And Learning Mathematics Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagesa 2015 article written by Judith Keller, she stated that â€Å"†¦ 60% of community college students require at least one developmental mathematics course†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 4). Deficiencies in math skills occur for a variety of reasons. Today, more than 50% of all college students are over the age of 24 (Center, 2016) and need to improve or change their job skills. Those same students may never have had a college preparatory course. Many veterans returning to civilian life did not complete algebra 2 or higherRead MoreThe Effect Of High Rigor Coursework On Indicators Of Postsecondary Success1469 Words   |  6 PagesSchool Students for College: An exploratory study of the impact of high rigor coursework on indicators of postsecondary success Overview and purpose of the project: The current study examined participation in a rigorous high school curriculum and the corresponding outcomes related to college enrollment, persistence, and graduation. Because participation in high rigor college preparatory courses is related to college success, it is expected that students participating in courses with high rigor wouldRead MoreStudent Success And Support Services Program Essay1589 Words   |  7 PagesResearch/Policy Topic Analysis: Student Success and Support Services Program (SSSP) Background The Student Success and Support Program (SSSP) for California community colleges arose as a result of the Senate Bill 1456 with a mission â€Å"to increase California community college student access and success by providing effective core matriculation services, including orientation, assessment and placement, counseling, and other educational planning services, and academic interventions,† or follow-up services

Descriptive Essay About Vacation - 1042 Words

We slap on sunscreen, jump into our bathing suits, put on sunglasses, and throw our towels over our shoulders. Then grab our boogie boards. We are ready to have a spectacular day out on the beach by the ocean. I was on a vacation in Gulf Shores of Alabama. My family and our family’s good friends the Buxengards were all there together. There are three kids in the Buxengard family, two boys and a girl. One of the boys is my age. His name is Aaron. We spent a lot of time together throughout the vacation. Our favorite thing to do there was jumping and riding the ocean waves. Which is what we were going to do now. Our families weren’t even done getting ready yet. So I thought Aaron and I could just go to the beach by ourselves. I told my†¦show more content†¦There must be something buried or on top of the sand. Was it an animal? A clam? A pretty shell? I had no idea. I neared Aaron and asked him, â€Å"What is it? What do you want me to see?† â€Å"Look there† he replied. He pointed in the direction he wanted me to look. I then knew what he wanted to show me. It was a crab. It was an orange and brownish looking color. When I looked closer I saw that it had little circular bumps on its whole body. And the claws of the crab were about the size of it whole body! â€Å"Whoah that’s a cool crab! I have never seen one like it. And those claws! There like the whole size of the body!† I told Aaron. â€Å"I know! I haven’t seen a crab like that either!† he said. Then the crab got swept up into the water by the waves. And disappeared into the ocean. â€Å"Well it was cool while it lasted† I said. â€Å"Yeah hopefully we’ll see another one sometime again† Aaron replied. â€Å"See what again?† A voice behind us must have said. Aaron and I turned around to see who it was. It was Aaron’s dad. And the rest of both our families behind him. I was so glad they were all out here! I couldn’t wait to go into the ocean so I quickly yelled, â€Å"Hey I’m going into the water!† â€Å"Alright have fun!† said my mom. I looked over at Aaron and said. â€Å"Hey aren’t you coming?† â€Å"Oh yeah! I’ll grab boogie boards for us!† â€Å"Okay thanks!† He ran to grab the boogie boards for us. Picked them up where they were sitting by our towels. Then hurried back in myShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay About Vacation1188 Words   |  5 PagesAs our children were growing older, we realized this year was probably our last vacation with all of our kids. As such my husband, Mike and I decided to take our kids and our dog by canoe and kayak almost 200 miles down the mighty Makenzie River. Jennifer aged 17, Shelly 13, and Ricky 9, prepared for a week without phones, stores, or television. Our plan was to canoe from Fort Simpson to Wrigley. Wrigley was the end of the road after the Mackenzie Highway. It would be an incredible family adventureRead MoreDescriptive Essay About Vacation992 Words   |  4 PagesIt was a few days before our plane left for Cancun, Mexico. I was going on vacation for my parents tenth anniversary. I also got to go with some of my friends who were, Trent Gleeson, Luke Bader, and Josh Hagedorn. My friends and I all played football and we were going to miss a couple days of camp and weights so we planned to use the gym at the resort. We were all packed and so excited to leave in the morning. We woke up super early so we could be some of the first people in line. Once we arrivedRead MoreDescriptive Essay About Vacation1179 Words   |  5 PagesWhat comes to mind when I say the word, â€Å"vacation†? According to Merriam Webster, vacation is â€Å"a period of time that a person spends away from home, school, or business usually in order to relax or travel†. My family (my mom, little brother, my grandmother, and I) take a vacation every summer to relax and have fun in the sun. Our destination and vacation spot this particular year, 2016, was the beautiful city of Panama City Beach, Florida. Little did I know that what could have or should haveRead MoreDescriptive Essay About Vacation842 Words   |  4 PagesOctober 2017 Narrative Essay The air was filled with salt and warm sunlight. The waves were crashing against the Hawaiian sand causing a beautiful and relaxing sound. With flapping wings and squawking noises, seagulls were stalking tourists in the search of food. The soft, hot sand was soothing to the touch. The palm trees danced in the swaying wind and the aroma of distant barbecues and sunscreen wafted in the air. As a native Floridian, the thought of a Hawaiian vacation was appealing. Hours ofRead MoreDescriptive Essay About Vacation1373 Words   |  6 Pagesthis is what our vacation would be. Days of pure relaxation. Sadly that wasn’t the case for us. Tropical storm Cindy decided she was going to settle right over the Gulf of Mexico, and target mainly Destin Florida for a week. I would soon realize that vacations are not about the location, but that this is time to be carefree in the world, and just enjoy time with family. One Hundred and seventy six, fifty three, twenty eight, ten, one. I started my countdown five months before vacation. When June 18thRead MoreDescriptive Essay About Vacations1824 Words   |  8 PagesThe boring summers had already made their way in my boring life again this year. But this time it was the worst summer in the history of worst summers. The vacations of St. Stevens School always started early but this time it was planned one week before the time. I woke up and turned my face towards the clock. The minute hand showed me that I still had twenty five minutes to sleep but I somehow made my way out of bed and headed towards the washroom. I caught my glimpse in the mirror once I was holdingRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Summer Vacation1300 Words   |  6 PagesIt was a beautiful day to try something new at Doheny State Beach in Dana Point, California. It was a long year in fourth grade, and my family and I were excited to start our summer vacation. As we pulled our tra iler on the southbound I-5 freeway towards San Diego, I could see the temperature gauge on my father’s truck slowly dropping to the mid 70’s. We were in a packed car with my father, mother, older brother,younger sister, snacks and drinks everywhere, and me, entranced by the game on my brandRead MoreSummary Of Once More To The Lake840 Words   |  4 PagesIn his essay â€Å"Once More to the Lake,† author E.B. White reflects on experiences he has had throughout his life at a family vacation spot. Although he writes the essay as an adult, he focuses on many childhood experiences with his father at the lake, comparing them to experiences he is having at same lake with his son. White begins by recalling his first time at the lake. He examines the similarities and differences between the two generations of lake experiences through rhetorical techniques inRead MoreAnalysis Of O Connor s A Good Man 869 Words   |  4 Pagesgot from his reactions to her. Even the children did not seem to respect the old lady. O’Connor’s story was very descriptive. Throughout the whole story there were little descriptions of setting that enabled the readers to have a very clear image of the scenery in the story. After some research about the author and the story itself, I came to find that most of O’Connor’s stories are about spirituality, salvation, and morality. From the information on Wikipedia, I found out that she was Catholic. ThisRead MoreLove in Anton Chekhov’s The Lady with the Dog Essay example1542 Words   |  7 Pagesand his love interest Anna, are given the emotional freedom to feel love toward one another. This freedom is the driving force in the story which represents an escape from their unhappy lives. Chekhov tells the readers about the forbidden love between two people during vacation through evaluation of the point of view, the setting, and the characters of â€Å"The Lady with the Pet Dog.† The definition of point of view is the vantage point from which the story is told. The narrator of â€Å"The Lady with

Beowulf, the Tragic Hero Free Essays

Beowulf, the Tragic Hero In the epic poem â€Å"Beowulf† the protagonist, Beowulf, portrays a tragic hero in a variety of ways. Although Beowulf was not a perfect being, he embraces many characteristics of a tragic hero. Beowulf’s ego put him into many difficult situations. We will write a custom essay sample on Beowulf, the Tragic Hero or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example the battles he fought against Grendel, Grendels Mother, and the dragon. Other then his enormous ego along with his cockiness that put him into bad situations, he also embraced the characteristics of a great leader that many looked up to. In many parts of the poem Beowulf performs many courageous tasks that no one else would even try, making him one that should be idolized. To start off, Beowulf plans out his battle with Grendel. In the very beginning Beowulf tells his people and Hrothgar that he wants to battle and kill Grendel with his owns hands. This part shows his over confident ego because he thinks he is so mighty and strong. While Grendel made his way to attack Herot, Beowulf pretended that he was asleep just as Grendel would see. As it says in lines (739-746) Grendel snatched at the first Geat†¦ (Line745) He then stepped to another still body, clutched at Beowulf with his claws. Beowulf suddenly leaned up against Grendel’s arm attempting to get back at him. Grendel was very fearful and at that very moment he didn’t even want to kill, he wanted to get away. Grendel struggled until he was free, but he ran free without his arm. Beowulf ego once again ties into this because he claims that it was â€Å"fate† that he got away and was not his fault. On the other hand, Beowulf went out of his way to protect Hrothgar and his people when no one else would stand up. The second instance where Beowulf finds himself in another situation is when Grendel’s Mother demands to avenge the death of her son. She then decides to kill one of Hrothgars men, who so happens to be Esher, his dearest advisor. After finding out that he had been killed, Hrothgar had summoned Beowulf asking for help once more. Beowulf agrees and battles her at her wretched home. In this confrontation Beowulf decides yet once again to be on his own and defeat the nasty old hag. With one slash of his sword he gets rid of her and is repeatedly praised for his courageous actions. As mentioned reviously, Beowulf always put people before himself, which embraced his characteristics of a tragic hero. Last but not least, Beowulf battles the dragon. It began with a slave that had stolen a golden cup from the dragon’s lair. For the final time, Beowulf’s over confident ego ties into it one final time. We know at this point in time, that Beowulf is at an old age and is becom ing weak. Therefore, he insists to fight the dragon by himself. Beowulf’s decision to fight alone is a reoccurring action, if you can not tell. Ultimately the dragon begins to beat Beowulf; his haughty attitude does not comply with his initial strength. At this moment in time, it leads to Beowulf’s downfall with his final attempt at battle. As he dies he finds the strength to slay the dragon hoping to save his people, one last time. With the death of Beowulf he achieves the fame he has always longed for. Beowulf’s courageous and brave actions along with his tragic death prove that he is a true hero. The events of this epic poem conclude that even heroes too are acceptable to tragedies. Although Beowulf was not perfect, he without a doubt portrayed the definition of a tragic hero. How to cite Beowulf, the Tragic Hero, Essay examples

Stakeholders in Tourism Planning-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Disucss about the Role of Consultation of Stakeholders in Tourism Planning. Answer: Introduction A tourism planning is a blueprint which generally provides direction and emphasizes on locally established tourism industry as well as for the community and various government bodies. It is a process through which local business and government bodies can focus on accommodating the aspirations of a community (Mowforth and Munt, 2015). The plan should focus on areas like promotion of tourism throughout the given area, Pushing the tourism industry for making contribution to growth in income and increase in employment in a particular area, promoting sustainable tourism by conserving the natural and cultural heritage, making sure of the fact that tourism flow to all the parts of the industry (Ltkov and Vogt, 2012). There are some positive effects of tourism like employment, foreign exchange, fun and enjoyment, economic growth that is growth in GDP of a country (Dritsakis, 2012). There are some negative aspects of tourism like causing stress and various health related effects, creates envi ronmental pollution, damage to wildlife parks, loosing of scenic beauty. In this report the positive effects of discussion with stakeholders and is importance in planning of tourism has been discussed in details (Goodall and Ashworth, 2013). A detail analysis on the idea and use of comparative advantage has been discussed. A brief analysis on importance of consideration has been discussed (Lee, 2013). Potential economic and socio culture advantage and disadvantage of developing tourism at clipper bay has been discussed. Discussion Role of consultation of stakeholders in Tourism planning Stakeholders in tourism industry can be referred to three things mainly tourist, industry and lastly host. It can also refer to sectors namely business, non-profit and lastly public sectors (Briassoulis and Van der Straaten, 2013). As per WOT that is world tourism organization stakeholders in tourism industry can be divided into three categories that are tourism industry, environment support and local support (Richards, and Hall, 2013). WTO can be defined as the role of tourism industry in establishing new platforms for business, increase in employment, income and exchange of foreign currency through increase in tourism services (Woosnam, 2012). The role of environment in attracting tourist from different zones which totally depends on local culture, architecture and nature of the surrounding. Lastly locally government plays a key role in making certain decision (Zaei, and Zaei, 2013). This ultimately relates to the fact that the above mentioned stakeholders play a key role in develo pment of sustainable tourism. Stakeholders in tourism industry can be defined as suppliers, supporting industries, marketing intermediate along with members of public and local as well as foreign customer (Holden, 2016). Suppliers generally focuses on satisfying the needs of various tourists. The suppliers aim in satisfying the needs tourists like space, activity and required products which will help them in getting better experience (Ltkov and Vogt, 2012). During this span of time suppliers must be well aware of the facts like price, quality of services and lastly estimating the uniqueness and innovation of the product which is offered to various tourist (Goodall and Ashworth, 2013). Marketing intermediates play the role of middlemen between suppliers and the tourist who are considered as a customer. Various tourism agents provide necessary information to tourist about the ongoing activities, space and activities which is offered by suppliers to attract tourist at a particular dest ination (Zaei, and Zaei, 2013). The information is usually provided to them in a package which will be necessary for fulfilling the experience which the tourist is looking. Both the two sectors that are public and private will play a key role in upgradation of tourism in a particular area (Mowforth and Munt, 2015). Public sector is responsible for analyzing policies and plans along with providing facilities and services in an area. It is more concerned about upgradation of tourism in a particular area and providing certain functions like developments, setting rules and regulation on tourism (Zaei, and Zaei, 2013). Private sector plays a key role in organization of space, products and many other activities. Stakeholders play a key role in organizing travelling package at an affordable and reasonable price. Stakeholders can also define as providing information about tourist friendly destination. Use of Comparative advantage Tourism industry need some external analysis for checking the opportunities and threats related to it. Competitive advantage in the technique or method used by various organization for carrying out activities in a particular way which other competitors cannot realize (Mok, Sparks and Kadampully, 2013). It is a condition in which competitors are unable to replicate their strategies which are generally executed by various organization (Holden, 2016). Competitors are able to collect certain benefits which can organization can easily collect by the help of competitive strategies (Briassoulis and Van der Straaten, 2013). In last few decades the importance of competitive advantage has increased a lot. This can be stated as those factors which are needed by organization for succeeding in business (Han and Hyun, 2015). An organization has competitive advantage when it has more economic can have for economic value than its rivals. Economic value can be created by either producing product and services which will provide greater benefits at same price when it is compared to competitors (Ltkov and Vogt, 2012). In other words, it can aim in providing benefits at a much lower cost when it compared to ongoing competitors (Goodall and Ashworth, 2013). As per competitive advantage model a company can take necessary steps for improvising the price, quality and delivery of goods and be innovative in the use of various process and technologies, marketing and various techniques involved in services(Richards, and Hall, 2013). It must consider the various external parameters which is considered to be difficult for any organization to be competitive in an organization (Ziegler, Dearden, and Rollins, 2012). It is considered to be important and vital for tourism industry for obtaining, maintaining and increasing competitive advantage through various resources (Mowforth and Munt, 2015). Competitive advantage can be considered to be vital for obtaining, maintaining and upgrading competiti ve advantage through many resources (Bennett et al., 2012). Raising competitive can be have four stages that are proper analysis of market situation, building competitive advantage, raising awareness about the product, proper management of efficiency. Consideration in having infrastructure Tourism infrastructure can be considered as a physical element which is necessary for designing the infrastructure of tourism at a particular location (Ltkov and Vogt, 2012). Strong relationship between tourism development and infrastructure has been theoretical proved by various authors (Briassoulis and Van der Straaten, 2013). Tourism infrastructure is considered to be basic of tourism development with making use of base for utilization of various resources available at resources. Importance of tourism can focus on the idea that increasing the advantage of production and tourism at various tourism services (Mok, Sparks and Kadampully, 2013). If the tourist wants to reach a particular place, then proper developed infrastructure must be there. Arrival of tourist generally helps in upgrading the efficiency of human resource at destination which is required by various tourist in order to feel better during the stay at a particular location of destination (Ziegler, Dearden, and Rollins, 2012). There is increase in demand of infrastructure in aspect of water supply, disposal of waste, supply of electricity for providing comfort and all type of facility to tourist at a selected destination. In other words, infrastructure can be defined as a way of public safety, services related to transportation, financial, medical and other services which is involved in a given population and demand of tourist (Han and Hyun, 2015). Tourism infrastructure can be special importance for long term growth of tourism (Lawrence, Munasinghe, and McNeely, 2014). Transport infrastructure can be defined as chain which gives right to access to destination ranging from international to domestic market which is inclusive of roads, airports and markets (Hunter, 2017). Social infrastructure can be defined as various facilities related to accommodate tourist and other supporting physical features for various kinds of activities and services which can easily attract tourist. Environmental infrastru cture in general refer to network of religion state and national parks, marine parks, reverses which can which the visitors can easily tour. This infrastructure is inclusive of network regional, state on the market where there is tourist destination (Cabiddu, Lui and Piccoli, 2013). Social infrastructure receives help by in terms of money by many private sectors, on the contrary environmental infrastructure comes from state which is inclusive of various public goods. The formation of tourism infrastructure focuses on increasing complexity of various tourism phenomenons (Mok, Sparks and Kadampully, 2013). Advantage and Disadvantage of developing tourism at Clippers Bay Clipper Bay is a small area which has a population of around 5000 people and the town is located by the sea which has marine life (Fang, Ye and Law, 2016). The whole economy of the country has revolved around fishing and other business which mainly provide support to industry. The town is generally located at the foot of series of hills which provide easy access to beautiful beach. The beach has a unique limestone caves with pools (Smith, 2012). Tourism will provide employment and opportunity to local people at clippers bay. Growth of service sector has encouraged the growth of service in tourism sector (Lawrence, Munasinghe, and McNeely, 2014) . A large number of business are engaged in various service sector like airline, hotel, transportation which are available on surface. Tourist destination like clipper bay can attract a number of foreign tourists (Cabiddu, Lui and Piccoli, 2013). This will ultimately bring a lot of foreign to this bay. Many people round the globe travel for fu n and enjoyment and they simply do this for achieving enjoyment. Tour generally helps in creating a platform where people can easily interact which their family members. With advantages there are certain number of disadvantages like tourism can bring heavy expenditure to the tourist (Tosun, 2014). Travelling is inclusive of hire charges, food cost and in the end it can be concluded that it results in increasing the overall expenditure (Han and Hyun, 2015). Trips are of generally of two types that is leisure and hectic trip (Smith, 2012). Leisure trip are considered to be good for mind and body whereas hectic trip can result in stress and effect of health (Fang, Ye and Law, 2016). Tourism can also lead to environmental damages like environmental pollution which generally arises due to continuous use of cigars, plastic bags. Due to the visit of tourist at clipper bay the water supply body and disposal facility can easily get disturbed (Lawrence, Munasinghe, and McNeely, 2014). Tourist visit can bring damage to various wildlife parks which suited in this town which is known as clipper bay. As result of increase in pollution and dirt many landscape can l ose their scenic beauties. Advantage and Disadvantage of Potential socio culture in development of tourism There are certain advantages of potential socio culture in the development of culture at a place. Tourism provides platform where people from different culture can easily interact to each other. People emerging from various culture can interact with each other and can establish proper understanding among themselves. This provides a platform where people can easily build respect for each other. Tourism helps in providing support to communities which will ultimately led to development of economy (Smith, 2012). Tourism development can help in bringing range of benefits to large number of communities. It can bring a benefit to the community which is residing at a particular location. Tourism can bring regional identity on both the platforms that is international as well as local. Tourism helps in bringing benefits which will ultimately improve the infrastructure that is power, water and telecommunication (Lawrence, Munasinghe, and McNeely, 2014). There are certain of disadvantages like it can led to exploitation of natural resources which are available in clipper bay (Fang, Ye and Law, 2016). Tourism needs more infrastructure which can bring environmental sufferings. Tourism can bring heavy impact on environment as it needs more infrastructure, which can cause environmental damages (Richards, and Hall, 2013). Tourism can result in environmental pollution that is human waste and sewage from various sources of water. Depletion due to socio culture and environmental may result is unsustainable tourism. Potential advantages and disadvantages in development of tourism in Clipper bay Clipper Bay is a small which has a population of 5000 people and this town is located on sea side which has a marine life (Holden, 2016). Clipper bay is located at the foot hills which has the economy fully based on fishing and business which provides support to various industries. Tourism will provide employment and opportunity to the local people who resides by this clipper Bay. Conclusion From the above discussion it can be this report is all about tourism planning which is nothing but blueprint which generally emphasizes on community and locally established bodies of government. Encouraging tourism industry can make better contribution to growth at well as increase in employment in a specific zone. Sustainable tourism aims in conserving the natural and cultural heritage of clipper bay. This ultimately makes sure of the fact that tourism will flow in all parts of the industry. The positive aspects of tourism like employment, foreign exchange, fun and enjoyment, economic growth that is growth in GDP of a country. There are some negative aspects of tourism like result of stress, health related effects, causes environmental pollution, puts damage to wildlife and losing of scenic beauties. The importance of stakeholders in proper planning of tourism has been discussed in details. A brief analysis on the idea and use of competitive advantage has been discussed in details. Potential economic and socio culture advantage and disadvantage for development of tourism at this location that is clippers bay has been discussed in details. Role of two different sectors like private and public in the development of tourism has been discussed in details. Competitive advantage of various organization for performing various activities has been discussed in details. Role of infrastructure for making understand of public safety, services related to transport, medical and many other has been discussed in details. Advantage of potential socio culture for the development of culture at a particular place has been discussed in detail. References Bennett, N., Lemelin, R.H., Koster, R. and Budke, I., 2012. A capital assets framework for appraising and building capacity for tourism development in aboriginal protected area gateway communities.Tourism Management,33(4), pp.752-766. Briassoulis, H. and Van der Straaten, J. eds., 2013.Tourism and the environment: regional, economic, cultural and policy issues(Vol. 6). Springer Science Business Media. Cabiddu, F., Lui, T.W. and Piccoli, G., 2013. Managing value co-creation in the tourism industry.Annals of Tourism Research,42, pp.86-107. Dritsakis, N., 2012. Tourism development and economic growth in seven Mediterranean countries: A panel data approach.Tourism Economics,18(4), pp.801-816. Fang, B., Ye, Q. and Law, R., 2016. Effect of sharing economy on tourism industry employment.Annals of Tourism Research,57, pp.264-267. Goodall, B. and Ashworth, G. eds., 2013.Marketing in the Tourism Industry (RLE Tourism): The Promotion of Destination Regions. Routledge. Han, H. and Hyun, S.S., 2015. Customer retention in the medical tourism industry: Impact of quality, satisfaction, trust, and price reasonableness.Tourism Management,46, pp.20-29. Holden, A., 2016.Environment and tourism. Routledge. Hunter, C., 2017. Sustainable tourism as an adaptive paradigm.Annals of tourism research,24(4), pp.850-867. Ltkov, P. and Vogt, C.A., 2012. Residents attitudes toward existing and future tourism development in rural communities.Journal of Travel Research,51(1), pp.50-67. Lawrence, K., Munasinghe, M. and McNeely, J., 2014. Sustainable tourism development.Protected area economics and policy: Linking conservation and sustainable development, pp.263-269. Lee, T.H., 2013. Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development.Tourism management,34, pp.37-46. Mok, C., Sparks, B. and Kadampully, J., 2013.Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge. Mowforth, M. and Munt, I., 2015.Tourism and sustainability: Development, globalisation and new tourism in the third world. Routledge. Richards, G. and Hall, D. eds., 2013.Tourism and sustainable community development(Vol. 7). Psychology Press. Smith, V.L. ed., 2012.Hosts and guests: The anthropology of tourism. University of Pennsylvania Press. Tosun, C., 2014. Challenges of sustainable tourism development in the developing world: the case of Turkey.Tourism management,22(3), pp.289-303. Woosnam, K.M., 2012. Using emotional solidarity to explain residents attitudes about tourism and tourism development.Journal of Travel Research,51(3), pp.315-327. Zaei, M.E. and Zaei, M.E., 2013. The impacts of tourism industry on host community.European journal of tourism hospitality and research,1(2), pp.12-21. Ziegler, J., Dearden, P. and Rollins, R., 2012. But are tourists satisfied? Importance-performance analysis of the whale shark tourism industry on Isla Holbox, Mexico.Tourism Management,33(3), pp.692-701.

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Discuss the role and importance of magic in the first 3 acts of The Tempest by William Shakespeare Essays

Discuss the role and importance of magic in the first 3 acts of The Tempest by William Shakespeare Essays Discuss the role and importance of magic in the first 3 acts of The Tempest by William Shakespeare Essay Discuss the role and importance of magic in the first 3 acts of The Tempest by William Shakespeare Essay Essay Topic: The Tempest The Tempest was the last play that Shakespeare wrote, and many people believe that the ideas for this production were taken from all his previous works. One of the main themes in the play is that of magic, its use for good and evil and how this affects the society around it. At the time that the play was being written, the people of Europe took magic very seriously, for example witches were still being burnt at the stake. Magic plays a vital role in the play, determining the end of every scene, and indeed the fate of every character. The first 3 acts reveal the usage of this magic, on both ends of the spectrum Act One Scene One sees the event that gives the play its name the tempest itself. In hindsight we are aware of the magic that was used to create the storm, but at the time of its happening we are led to believe that this is merely a natural occurrence. Admittedly nobody is killed, and we later find out that even the rest of fleet have been safely sent back to Naples with the illusion that the Kings ship perished in the storm. However despite this, it is questionable whether this magic was benign, as everyone suffered during its implementation. This recurs throughout the whole of the play; as to whether it is necessary to mess with peoples emotions, sleep patterns and the natural elements, and indeed whether any good does come of this all in the end. Prospero seems to have no hesitation in performing his magic, mainly for the good of himself, as we see in Act One Scene Two. In the following the audience learn of the magic that has been carried out, in the very first two lines spoken by Miranda. If by your art, my dearest father, you have Put the will waters in this roar, allay them. She describes the magic as an art although the word has several darker connotations. Miranda seems reluctant to understand her fathers need to practise magic, as she has seen the ship itself Dashed all to pieces. It is with her worrying that Prospero reveals the story that has happened before the storm. He mentions several characters that we have seen in Scene One of this Act. I thus neglecting worldly ends, all dedicated To closeness and the bettering of my mind With that which, but by being so retired, Oer-prized all popular rate Prospero explains to Miranda that he was once Duke of Milan, but he left control of the city to his brother Antonio, whilst he concentrated on the bettering on my mind the study of magic. He claims that people believed magic-was over-rated, because the supernatural powers were much more valuable than people first thought. The tale that is told makes the audience feel sorry for Prospero, and maybe even forgive him for creating the storm, but this impression is immediately changed when he sends his own daughter to sleep. Again this use of magic is questionable, as he discusses with the spirit Ariel the plan that will unfold very soon. It becomes apparent that he did not want Miranda to hear this plan as it would involve her, and her knowledge of it would ruin it completely. We begin to have reservations about Prospero as a man, whether magic has corrupted him so much that he has no qualms about toying with his daughters emotion. However it is this possible corruption that will stem th e entire play, and thus magic becomes a necessary tool. Many could find it hard to believe that Prospero would want to give up his Dukedom for the practise of magic, and it is this strand of Prosperos character that leads the story on. Later on in the scene, a spirit called Ariel appears and it is revealed that Prospero had sent her to make the tempest occur. Prospero cannot even carry out his own magic, but must send creatures to do it for him possibly another result of the corruption magic has had upon him. Ariel complains bitterly about having to do Prosperos dirty work and asks to be set free. Let me remember thee what thou hast promised, Which is not yet performed me. My liberty Prospero reminds Ariel of the magic that he freed her from. Sycorax, an evil witch, had been banished to the island from Algeria, and had attempted to make Ariel a slave. But Ariel had refused and as a result had been entrapped in a pine tree for 12 long years. When Prospero had been left on the island, he had released Ariel in a gesture of goodwill, but the roles had reversed and now Prospero is Ariels master. Again the use of magic is for domination or good for oneself. We see this again with Caliban, Sycoraxs son. Prospero has made Caliban his slave to carry wood and other items around the island, as he is too old to do it himself. Prospero promises terrible things to Caliban if he does not complete his tasks, and so magic is again being used for threats and unnecessary suffering. Music and magic have always been very closely linked, and it is this that lures Ferdinand in the latter part of the scene. Let us not forget that Ariel had especially placed Ferdinand on this part of the island after the storm. Ariel is invisible as a product of her magic, playing a lute and sings to draw Ferdinand closer to Miranda. There is much debate about whether the following passage has been set up by Prospero and indeed manufactured it entirely to fit with his plan, or whether Shakespeare meant a romance to occur to lighten the mood of the play. Either way, it seems a little far-fetched that Ferdinand and Miranda appear to fall in love instantly, love at first sight, which would indicate that Prospero has had some intervention. The romance is also a key part of Prosperos plan, and we would assume that he would have had some involvement to make sure this all went smoothly. If this is the case, Prospero is again using his magic for his own personal gain seeking revenge upon th ose who deposed him. Ferdinand starts to put up a fight with Prospero and He draws and is charmed from moving. The stage directions indicate that Ferdinand is frozen to the spot to stop any harm from happening, but this is debatable as to whether it was actually necessary. Prospero instructs Ferdinand that he will have to work for his love of Miranda, and leads him to a place where he will chop wood until Prospero deems him fit. He thanks Ariel for her work and again promises her freedom, but we later see this has not been fulfilled. Magic has been the theme of the entire scene and without it; many of the things would not have been possible. Act Two takes the audience back to the stranded party of royals. Gonzalo is the only one to notice that his clothes are looking as good as new bring rather new-dyed than stained with salt water. In Shakespearean times, the clothes would have been dyed and after the tempest all the dye would have run, leaving their clothes looking tatty and ragged. This of course, is Ariels doing, though it is not entirely apparent as to why? Perhaps it was because Prospero instructed that none of the party should be harmed, and so Ariel took this to mean that they should be exactly as they were before the storm. Or perhaps this was Ariel wanting to cause some confusion and suspicion between the party. It also causes a small rift between Gonzalo and the others. Later on, the royals feel sleepy, again as a result of Ariels magic, upon instruction of Prospero. The reason for this isnt clear either. It results in Antonio and Sebastian, the only 2 that stay awake, planning to kill Alonso to gain the Duke dom of Naples. Maybe Prospero intended them to do this, as it would again cause a rift between the company. Gonzalo is about to be killed too, but this is stopped by Ariels music, as Gonzalo is a large part of Prosperos plan. Once again the end of the scene is determined by magic. Scene Two starts with Caliban complaining about Prospero, and how he has been mistreated. Caliban himself is a magical creature, representing the pure natural man who is corrupted by the temperament of humans. The scene itself doesnt actually contain much magic, except perhaps the magical power that alcohol holds over Stephano, Trinculo and Caliban. Act Three Scene One is the scene in which Ferdinand and Miranda agree to marriage. The play so far has taken place over a very short space of time and again it is questionable as to whether this whole thing has been manufactured by Prospero, as the stage direction indicated he is at a distance, unseen watching over proceedings. Prospero enters the scene visibly this time and agrees to let the marriage take place. Again the whole timing of the episode, and Prosperos joy at this news seems rather mad-made. Even at the end of the scene Prospero says, Ill to my book as if he has more in store. Scene Two goes back to Stephano, Trinculo and Caliban and they plan to kill Prospero so that they can have hold over the island. Caliban knows the extent of Prosperos power so is a little more cautious. Just as between the royal party, a rift forms when Trinculo sulks about Caliban being the centre of attention. Ariel sees this and decides to take advantage in comic style. She uses Trinculos voice, expressing his real thoughts, to widen the rift between Caliban, Stephano and Trinculo. Again this isnt really necessary to the play but is another example of the use of magic and its role in the play. Ariel then plays music to distract the 2 humans and they decide to follow that rather than go through with the plan to kill Prospero. Again this intervention of magic ends the scene. The final scene of this act shows the largest use of magic and possible for the most ruthless reasons. Prosperos plan overall is one of revenge and this is where he lures all the men together. Again there is the link between music and magic, but this time Prospero has instructed for a feast to appear in front of the men. This is similar to the forbidden fruit in the Garden of Eden, as the men do suspect that something is wrong here. The men see the spirits that carry in the banquet and are suddenly aware of the magical forces around them, and over the entire isle. Prospero uses this to taunt the royals, and tempt them, using cruel methods. Ariel is sent in as a harpy and the feast then vanishes, dashing all the hopes of the men in one fell swoop. The men are very confused by this occurrence. Ariels long speech condemns the men and the spectacle of this mythical bird is done to scare the men. Prospero has set up everything for this moment, and carries it off in true style. Everything has been done to have the greatest effect, and whether this is truly humane is debateable. In all, the whole of the play depends entirely of magic, and if it were not for Prosperos interest in magic in the first place, none of this would have taken place. The supernatural powers that Prospero exerts and sometimes abuses are the very basis of the play, which is unusual for Shakespearean play. For example, in Macbeth the witches have some influence over Macbeth himself, but the power of free will can over-ride this, as it does on several occasions. The repeated use of magic can appear delightful if staged in the correct way, however if you read deeper into the play, it is apparent that Shakespeare wanted to represent the potential of supernatural powers if misused. The way he has done this works well to show the corruption of humans when they believe they are bigger than a magical, mysterious force.

Prisoner Torture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Prisoner Torture - Research Paper Example For criminal investigators dealing with cases such as homicide or terrorism plot, properly interacting with witnesses and suspects is essential to unearth the truth. Interrogating subjects like juvenile require special sensitivity. As a result, successful investigators must be resourceful and good in communication. They must be strong in ethics and compassionate. An investigation to uncover misuse of information by a chief executive of a company to buy shares (insider trading) is quite different from a case of suicide or homicide. Despite the fact that over the years, the field of investigation has branched into many specialized parts, the basic rules of good investigations and desired qualities of good investigators are universal for all categories of investigations. Any investigator is supposed to follow ethical means while pursuing investigation. If evidence is gathered from unethical means, then there is little, if any, justice that is delivered. Those signing for government serv ice have to agree to abide by its code of conduct and ethics. For instance, those joining for NSW Police Force agree to its code of conduct and ethics which include behaving honestly, acting with care and diligence when on or off duty (NSW Police Force). The problem is that many of the so called moral and ethical issues are subjective. Generally, it is agreed that there should be no torture with prisoners or tampering or plantation of evidence. But often, there is no thin line of difference between what is ethical and what is not ethical, what is just and what is unjust. Those in CIA and other government agencies have to constantly balance between conflicting interests, and often there is no one line of argument that can justify or defend their action. It is blamed by many human rights activists that there is frequent violation of human rights by federal investigators while interrogating terrorists. Many in CIA and other government agencies justify them as vital for counter-terroris m efforts (Karl). It is true that many investigators at extraordinary times have to make a tough choice between rigid rules and larger welfare. But that should be exceptional. Apart from professional expertise, a good investigation should also be carried out in an ethically responsible manner and should have evidence of that while carrying investigation. In this paper, a study will be made why torture should not be permissible by state from human rights perspective and ineffectiveness of torture in achieving leads. Also, implications of torture will be examined in context of monotheism, atheism, and polytheism belief. Prisoner torture should not be acceptable in any rational and civilized society. It is unacceptable to use prisoner torture methods as a way to get the prisoners confess because such methods symbolize a violation of human rights. Prisoner torture violates human rights, which is the main tenet of any free modern society. Human right is granted to every human being, man or woman, rich or poor, adult or child, healthy or sick, educated or not, and in the case under study, prisoner, whether proved guilty or not (Orend, 16). In US, The First Amendment of the Bill of Rights mentions the right to liberty for all citizens. Under it, people have the right to freedom of speech. If a prisoner is not willing to disclose something, use of torture to reveal is, therefore, illegal. Use of physical torture can definitely harm someone’s physical well being. According to Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) statement by UN, everyone has the right to ‘life, liberty, and security of the person’. The statement clearly mentions that no one can be subjected to torture, or to cruel and unjust punishment (Orend, 107). Also, torture in a way of putting someone’

Retail giant in the world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Retail giant in the world - Essay Example The company has received a host of prestigeous accolades including being named as the â€Å"Retailer of the Century† by Discount Store News and being awarded the Ron Brown Award for outstanding entrepreneurial leadership. â€Å"In 2002, Wal-Mart became No. 1 on the FORTUNE 500 list and in 2003 and 2004, Wal-Mart was named "Most Admired Company in America" by FORTUNE magazine† (â€Å"At A Glance† 4). The Wal-Mart’s history dates back to 1945, when Sam Walton opened the 1st retail outlet in Newport, Akansas with a capital of US$ 20,000. This initial outlet operates a franchise outlet of Butler Brothers chain. Subsequently three more outlets were opened under franchise agreements and profit sharing practices were introduced with his managers, which largely contributed to the rapid growth of the business. Encouraged by the success of his retail business, Sam Walton opened the first true Wal-Mart in 1962 in Rogers Akansas. Expanding the number of outlets based on the success of the initial outlet, Sam Walton replicated the winning formula to grow the Wal-Mart Chain. The company was incorperated as Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.in 1969. It was first listed on the New York Stock Exchange in year 1972. In year 1990 the company becomes the largest retailer in USA. Its foreign operations start in 1991 with a store in Mexico city. Since then the company has grown locally and intenationally with a host of strategic acquisitions such as the Woolco- canda, ASDA-UK and Amigo- Pueterico.

Reflecting And Refracting Telescopes

Reflecting And Refracting Telescopes The telescopes invention is often pegged in 1608 with the award of a patent to Lippershey by the States-General, the name for parliament in the Netherlands. However, an Englishman, Thomas Harriott constructed an early, low-power version of the telescope and used it in August 1609 to observe the Moon, at the same time when Galileo presented a similar small instrument to the Venetian Senate. Galileo undertook his own serious observations in October or November of that same year with a larger telescope. Hans Lippershey , a Dutch eyeglass manufacturer,is most often associated with the invention of the telescope. Lippershey was awarded a patent for his device in October 1608 by the parliament in the Netherlands.Credit for the invention of the telescope is also extended to Jacob Metius, a Dutch optician, though he was reluctant to allow the Dutch parliament to review his patent claim and even prohibited anyone from seeing his device. Despite his reluctance, Metius was eventually awarded a small sum from parliament, also in 1608, when he applied for a patent on his device a few weeks after Lippershey.However, the Dutch parliament only allowed Lippershey to construct a binocular version of his telescope. So, Lippershey is also the inventor of the binocular! ( note: Galileo Galilei did not invent the telescope!) TELESCOPE DIMENSIONS Aperture: The diameter of the primary mirror or lens. This determines the limiting magnitude and the angular resolution. Focal Length: The length it takes the light to converge to a single point. A smaller focal length increases magnification and brightness, whereas a longer focal length has the opposite effect. This makes a difference only for extended objects, not stars. Magnifying Power: (focal length of eyepiece)/(focal length of telescope). F/Ratio: (focal length of telescope)/aperture. A ratio of 8 is written f/8. Focal Plane: The plane perpendicular to the point of convergence. PARAMETERS OF TELESCOPE The utility of a telescope depends on its ability to collect large quantities of light and to resolve fine details. The brightness of an image is proportional to the area of the light-gathering element, which is proportional to the square of that elements aperture. The brightness also depends on the area over which the image is spread. This area is inversely proportional to the square of the focal length (f) of the lens. The brightness of the image therefore depends on the square of the f/ratio, just as in an ordinary camera. The resolving power of a telescope depends on the diameter of the aperture and the wavelength observed; the larger the diameter, the smaller the detail that can be resolved. TYPES OF TELESCOPES We will be primarily concerned with optical telescopes which have two basic subdivisions: Refracting Telescopes: Refraction works on the principle that light has different bending properties in different media (glass,water, air, etc.). Refracting Telescopes use a glass lens to cause the convergence of the light. Reflecting Telescopes: Reflecting telescopes use mirrors (concave or convex) to direct incoming light to converge to a point. REFRACTING TELESCOPES Small refracting telescopes are used in binoculars, cameras, gunsights, galvanometers, periscopes, surveying instruments, rangefinders, astronomical telescopes, and a great variety of other devices. Parallel or nearly parallel light from the distant object enters from the left, and the objective lens forms an inverted image of it . The inverted image is viewed with the aid of a second lens, called the eyepiece. The eyepiece is adjusted (focused) to form a parallel bundle of rays so that the image of the object may be viewed by the eye without strain. The objective lens is typically compound; that is, it is made up of two or more pieces of glass, of different types, designed to correct for aberrations such as chromatic aberration. To construct a visual refractor, a lens is placed beyond the images formed by the objective and viewed with the eye. To construct a photographic refractor or simply a camera, a photographic plate is placed at the position of the image. Simplified optical diagram of a refracting telescope. Refracting optical system used to photograph a star field. Generally, refracting telescopes are used in applications where great magnification is required, namely, in planetary studies and in astrometry, the measurement of star positions and motions. However, this practice is changing, and the traditional roles of refractors are being carried out effectively by a few reflecting telescopes, in part because of effective limitations on the size of refracting telescopes. A refractor lens must be relatively thin to avoid excessive absorption of light in the glass. On the other hand,the lens can be supported only around its edge and thus is subject to sagging distortions that change as the telescope is pointed from the horizon to the zenith; thus its thickness must be great enough to give it mechanical rigidity. An effective compromise between these two demands is extremely difficult, making larger refractors unfeasible. The largest refracting telescope is the 1-m (40-in.) telescope-built over a century ago-at Yerkes Observatory. This size is about the limit for optical glass lenses. REFLECTING TELESCOPES The principal optical element, or objective, of a reflecting telescope is a mirror. The mirror forms an image of a celestial object (Fig. 3) which is then examined with an eyepiece, photographed, or studied in some other manner. Viewing a star with a reflecting telescope. In this configuration, the observer may block the mirror unless it is a very large telescope. Reflecting telescopes generally do not suffer from the size limitations of refracting telescopes. The mirrors in these telescopes can be as thick as necessary and can be supported by mechanisms that prevent sagging and thus inhibit excessive distortion. In addition, mirror materials having vanishingly small expansion coefficients, together with ribbing techniques that allow rapid equalization of thermal gradients in a mirror, have eliminated the major thermal problems plaguing telescope mirrors. Some advanced reflecting telescopes use segmented mirrors, composed of many separate pieces. By using a second mirror (and even a third one, in some telescopes), the optical path in a reflector can be folded back on itself, permitting a long focal length to be attained with an instrument housed in a short tube. A short tube can be held by a smaller mounting system and can be housed in a smaller dome than a long-tube refractor. DERIVATIONS IN TELESCOPE Two fundamentally different types of telescopes exist; both are designed to aid in viewing distant objects, such as the planets in our Solar System. The refracting telescope uses a combination of lenses to form an image, and the reflecting telescope uses a curved mirror and a lens.The lens combination shown in Figure is that of a refracting telescope. Like the compound microscope, this telescope has an objective and an eyepiece. The two lenses are arranged so that the objective forms a real, inverted image of a distant object very near the focal point of the eyepiece. Because the object is essentially at infinity, this point at which I 1 forms is the focal point of the objective. The eyepiece then forms, at I 2, an enlarged, inverted image of the image at I 1. In order to provide the largest possible magnification, the image distance for the eyepiece is infinite. This means that the light rays exit the eyepiece lens parallel to the principal axis, and the image of the objective lens must form at the focal point of the eyepiece. Hence, the two lenses are separated by a distance fo + fe , which corresponds to the length of the telescope tube. The angular magnification of the telescope is given by à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½/à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o, where à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o is the angle subtended by the object at the objective and à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½ is the angle subtended by the final image at the viewers eye. Consider Figure, in which the object is a very great distance to the left of the figure. The angle à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o (to the left of the objective) subtended by the object at the objective is the same as the angle (to the right of the objective) subtended by the first image at the objective. Thus, tan à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o= à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o= -h/f o where the negative sign indicates that the image is inverted. The angle à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½ subtended by the final image at the eye is the same as the angle that a ray coming from the tip of I1 and traveling parallel to the principal axis makes with the principal axis after it passes through the lens. Thus, tan à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½=à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½=h/fe We have not used a negative sign in this equation because the final image is not inverted; the object creating this final image I2 is I1, and both it and I2 point in the same direction. Hence, the angular magnification of the telescope can be expressed as m= à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½/à °Ã‚ Ã…“ ½o=h/fe /-h/fo=-fo/fe and we see that the angular magnification of a telescope equals the ratio of the objective focal length to the eyepiece focal length. The negative sign indicates that the image is inverted.When we look through a telescope at such relatively nearby objects as the Moon and the planets, magnification is important. However, individual stars in our galaxy are so far away that they always appear as small points of light no matter how great the magnification. A large research telescope that is used to study very distant objects must have a great diameter to gather as much light as possible. It is difficult and expensive to manufacture large lenses for refracting telescopes. Another difficulty with large lenses is that their weight leads to sagging, which is an additional source of aberration. These problems can be partially overcome by replacing the objective with a concave mirror, which results in a reflecting telescope. Because light is reflected from the mirror and does not pass through a lens, the mirror can have rigid supports on the back side. Such supports eliminate the problem of sagging. Figure shows the design for a typical reflecting telescope. Incoming light rays pass down the barrel of the telescope and are reflected by a parabolic mirror at the base. These rays converge toward point A in the figure, where an image would be formed. However, before this image is formed, a small, flat mirror M reflects the light toward an opening in the side of the tube that passes into an eyepiece. This particular design is said to have a Newtonian focus because Newton developed it. Above figure shows such a telescope. Note that in the reflecting telescope the light never passes through glass (except through the small eyepiece). As a result, problems associated with chromatic aberration are virtually eliminated. The reflecting telescope can be made even shorter by orienting the flat mirror so that it reflects the light back toward the objective mirror and the light enters an eyepiece in a hole in the middle of the mirror. LIMITATIONS For many applications, the Earths atmosphere limits the effectiveness of larger telescopes. The most obvious deleterious effect is image scintillation and motion, collectively known as poor seeing. Atmospheric turbulence produces an extremely rapid motion of the image resulting in a smearing. On the very best nights at ideal observing sites, the image of a star will be spread out over a 0.25-arcsecond seeing disk; on an average night, the seeing disk may be between 0.5 and 2.0 arcseconds. It has been demonstrated that most of the air currents that cause poor seeing occur within the observatory buildings themselves. Substantial improvements in seeing have been achieved by modern design of observatory structures. The upper atmosphere glows faintly because of the constant influx of charged particles from the Sun. This airglow adds a background exposure or fog to photographic plates that depends on the length of the exposure and the speed (f/ratio) of the telescope. The combination of the finite size of the seeing disk of stars and the presence of airglow limits the telescopes ability to see faint objects. One solution is placing a large telescope in orbit above the atmosphere. In practice, the effects of air and light pollution outweigh those of airglow at most observatories in the United States.

“Medea” Aristotelian Analysis

Aristotelian Analysis – Music/Sound & Spectacle (Medea) V. Music/SoundThe Use of Sound in Medea Eurypides uses sound to great effect in Medea. Perhaps most prevalent is the fact that all the women are played by men, most likely talking and singing in a high pitched falsetto, giving the play a high, screeching tone, which would certainly put the audience on edge. This would add to the tension, and provide an exaggerated contrast between the men, speaking in their natural voices, and the women in their falsetto.This also influences the musical nature of the play. As compared to other Greek tragedies where the chorus would have been intentionally all male, Medea would have a very different sound, a much more feminine sound, as would be fitting for one of the few Greek plays with a female protagonist. The language Eurypides uses helps the audience understand her and her actions, as well as be able to empathize with her. Words of destruction, such as â€Å"kill,† â€Å"brok en,† â€Å"refugee,† â€Å"sick,† â€Å"hate,† â€Å"enraged,† and â€Å"starves† all set the stage in the first 20 lines of the play.The audience instantly knows that Medea has suffered horribly, and now has every right and reason to take revenge for the wrongs that have been done to her. These same words are used often throughout the play, especially â€Å"hate† and â€Å"betrayed† and give us great insight into the total fury and single mindedness of Medeas later actions. Jason's words, on the other hand, help us realize just how disconnected he is. He is, as the Chorus says â€Å"ignorant beyond pity. †Ã‚   Jason thinks he is being â€Å"generous,† and he somehow thinks leaving his wife for a younger woman makes him her â€Å"advocate. Eurypides carefully emphasizes the scene where the children are slaughtered by having it be the only time we hear them speak. They are on stage for many scenes, but they never d o anything but watch, silent and obedient while their family falls apart around them. When they finally speak, it is because it is their only hope of saving themselves; it is too late for their family. They cry out, with young innocent voices, pleading for help in what is perhaps the most tense moment of the play.This tension is further heightened by the fact that the audience cannot see what is happening, they can only hear it. They are forced to rely on sound alone, and that sound for those few lines becomes the only thing that matters. One almost wants to watch Medea kill her children just to know what is actually happening behind that door instead of being denied perhaps our most important sense: sight. The audience becomes blind to the action of the play, as Medea has embraced her blind rage. Social Implications:In the last lines of Medea, Euripides uses the verbal interaction between Jason and Medea to show a reversal in the stereotypical gender roles of the time. Although Med ea is a goddess, she represents a strong, unyielding female role that has power over her male counterpart in their relationship. Moments before the final grand spectacle, a distraught, weakened Jason is powerless to the will of Medea. He raises his voice (indicative of his losing all authority and pathetically lashing out for some form control) and demands that he be allowed to have his children back.Yet Madea is unwavering and persistent. Unlike Jason, she â€Å"wastes† no words and provides a simple, rational-sounding message that reflects her supremacy. This kind of social commentary is interesting because women, who were rarely awarded the liberties of men at the time, were allowed to attend the plays at the Dionysus festival. It is possible that Euripides was sending a subtle message of hope and pride to all of the oppressed female members of his audience. Dialect:Euripides was celebrated for his simplistic use of language which reflects a more realistic dialogue in the character's expressions. Although he did not win as many first place awards as Sophocles or Aeschylus at the Dionysus festivals, his work was popular to an audience which was able to recognize their own dialects and accents on stage. Unlike other tragedies of his time, Euripides's work was not diluted by unrealistic, grandiose phraseology which often had a deleterious effect on the listener's comprehension and ability to interprate the plays.Physical Realities of Sound in Ancient Greek Theater: Ancient Greek theaters were specially constructed to perfectly suit the art which they housed (although without roofs). The multi-thousand-seat theaters were built into hilsides to allow for minimal construction and also excellent accoustics. In today's theater, sound is almost always electronically amplified to permit better hearing by the audience, but not having this as an option, these grecian temples had to be constructed perfectly.By encircling the orchestra   with a mathematically pe rfected design of wooden or stone benches, sloping upwards away from the performance, the ancient architects nearly mimiced the way that sound travels as it spreads. This near-perfect acoustical environment allowed the actors' voices to travel all the way to the last row of seats. Also, the Skene buidling which stood behind the orchestra may have assisted in the amplification by reflecting voices and sound towards the thousands of audience members.This arrangement meant that the words which were spoken and sounds of music and dancing were clear such that their importance could be heard accurately. The theaters of Ancient Greece enormous, when, for example, the nearest seat was almost 10 meters away from the performer, large movements and loud voices were critical to conveying the full story. As such, it is widely accepted that the performers would wear very simple, plain masks which made their facial features more clear and obvious for the audience to see.Some theater historians ass ert that these masks also had a type of megaphone built in for amplification, although this point is disputed. In conjunction with their enlarged faces, the performers were often on stilts and wearing heavy robes of fabric to accurately convey their character. These amendments to their body meant that every move they made and every sound they created needed to be worth it. There was no â€Å"stage whispering† in this theater which limited but also inspired Euripides to write plays with more dynamic and complex plotlines, ones filled with action and confrontation to futher add to the experience.In addition, the chorus of some twelve men (playing women in Medea) would constantly dance around the orchestra (derived from the Greek term for dancing) during their scenes. The dancing was entertaining but also allowed the group to spread around the wealth so to speak of their odes, so that all might be privy to hearing their sound and seeing their dance. VI. Spectacle The Greatest Sp ectacle: After the extraordinary hardships which Medea faces throughout the play, we come across the ending when she â€Å"appears in a winged chariot, rising above the house. The bodies of the two children are visible in the chariot. Interestingly, over the past 1570 lines of the play, the stage directions are almost never this specific or elaborate. Showing that Euripides has literally saved the best for last, perhaps to shamelessly present a big ending, the rising chariot is the epitome of spectacle in this play. Although there would be no such chariot in the ancient theaters, it is likely that Medea herself would be lifted from the stage level by the deus ex machina (literally, god machine) and the childen's bodies would be thrust forth on a rolling wagon from the skene in the rear of the orchestra.By creating such a spectacle, Euripides also highlights the importance of this event: Medea has killed her own childen in order to free them from the terror of the world which has be en created for them. Her actions display her insanity, and her relentless pursuit of revenge against Jason. Setting and Costumes: The unique Greek theaters which seated many thousands called for very simplistic yet very clear design choices. Instead of elaborate costumes, the performers would wear large bold costumes which allowed even the farthest spectator to be clear on who is who.Due to the widely acknowledged â€Å"three-actor rule† (whereby three actors played the roles of all the characters in a play) the costume and mask changes would need to immediately reflect differing characters. It is also widely accepted that the performers would wear a type of stilts to make them â€Å"larger than life† leading to two interpretations: the actors could be better seen and heard when higher, but also became almost godlike or unrealistically large- adding to the spectacle of this world. Entrances and Exits:In the rear of the orchestra section was the Skene, a large building which served as a universal setting for Greek Theater. The sometimes elaborate building would generally have a major door in the center (for palace settings) as well as machines which hoisted actors above the orchestra section. Some characters may have entered this way, but most, including the chorus, would enter on ramps adjacent to the orchestra area. These eisodoi or parodoi would be used for entrances by characters such as a messenger or soldier. How did the actors move:Simply, the actors moved in large, overstated motions. In order to make the play as clear as possible for the large audiences, subtlety was not an option for the ancient Greeks. But what this also meant   for the performance was that the plot had to be appropriately planned for this style of acting. Performers carried out sometimes-long speeches with highly clear emotional intent. This style is a crucial part of Medea. As the plot continues and Medea's situation worsens, emotions become increasingly polar and d isjointed, making clear the protagonist and antagonist's intentions.

Developing the Global Dimension in Schools and in Classrooms Essay

The School The school where I carried out the research for my report is St Augustine of Canterbury Roman Catholic High School in Oldham. The pupils come from a wide variety of backgrounds including English and Irish working class, Pakistani, Indian, Black Caribbean, Black African, Travellers, Polish and pupils who are of mixed race. The religions I encountered included Roman Catholic, other Christian, Muslim and Hindu. Many of the Pupils at St Augustine’s have very limited experience of the outside world due to the poorer backgrounds that they come from. The Lessons This report is based on a series of four lessons I taught to a Year 11 Citizenship class. The topic of the lesson is the continent of Africa, problems within the continent, possible solutions to the problems and their complications. The purpose of the lessons is also to create a sense of empathy in the pupils, improve their research skills, and give them the opportunity to present their findings at the end of the unit. In the first lesson, the pupils are given a map of Africa and a list of countries. They have to use the internet to find out where the countries are situated on the map. This provokes discussion over how countries in Africa were formed and how their borders were affected by Western Colonisation and the World Wars. The second part of the lesson involves a brief discussion over some of the well known problems in Africa such as Civil War, Corruption, HIV, Poverty and Famine after which the pupils will start their own powerpoint presentation describing these. The pupils are assisted in starting this with fact sheets on HIV and AIDS in Africa and on Corruption in Africa. The second lesson focuses on Civil War in Africa. The pupils are given worksheets with the names of four countries that have faced Civil War, Rwanda, Ethiopia, Sudan and Sierra Leone and questions on the impact of war in these countries. The pupils watch a trailer for the film Hotel Rwanda which focuses on the Rwandan Genocide. There is discussion on what they have seen, which expands into related topics such as refugees before they are allowed to go on the internet and research the answers to the questions for two of the countries. The second half of the lesson is spent working on the powerpoint presentations and adding some of the facts they have researched into their own presentation. The third lesson focuses on Fairtrade in Africa. The pupils are given a worksheet asking questions about Fairtrade and shown a short video on the projector promoting and explaining what Fairtrade does for African producers. The pupils are directed to the Fairtrade website in order to answer any remaining questions on their sheet. The second half of the lesson is spent finishing off their powerpoint presentations and adding facts about Fairtrade. In the fourth lesson, the pupils present their findings to the rest of the class and discuss the issues as a class, each having the opportunity to express their opinions on the topic and the different aspects they have covered. The Focus Group What did pupils learn from the lesson and how do they feel school prepares them to be part of an ethnically and religiously diverse society? I chose 4 pupils to take part in my focus group, Jodie who was very opinionated, from a white, working class background; Priya, a Hindu, Indian girl who was more quiet but got caught up in the debate; John who is from a mixed Black Caribbean and White background; and Mlala, a boy from a West African background. Jodie felt very resentful about being â€Å"forced to take Citizenship†. She felt it was a waste of time as there is no qualification or exam to sit in this subject. She felt it was a waste of time and she had very little interest in what happened in Africa, she felt it would be more relevant to study problems occurring in the UK during Citizenship lessons. During the class discussions she was unsympathetic to the plight of refugees and had strong feelings regarding their presence in the UK and on immigration as a whole. John was of a similar opinion, he thought that Africans should â€Å"sort out their own problems†. Priya defended refugees and their need to come to this country pointing out that it is not always possible for refugees to go to the next nearest country as there may be trouble within that country as well and that if there are a lot of refugees coming from countries that are close to each other that one or two countries that are stable enough to accept refugees cannot take all of the refugees. Mlala also pointed out that some of the problems that occur in Africa are a direct result of European colonisation and war. I understand why Priya and Mlala are more reluctant to get involved in the debate. To some extent they may feel that the comments are directed at them or their friends or families. They see the issues of developing countries from a different perspective. Mlala only came to the UK in the last year and has grown up in West Africa. He and his family are immigrants themselves, he dislikes the picture painted in the media but does not want to get into direct confrontation over it. Priya was born here but has strong roots in India; she has friends and family there who she visits and who have come to live in the UK more recently. I also understand where these feelings are coming from in Jodie and John in the sense that they are growing up in working class, white households which are targeted in the media to feel that immigrants and refugees are coming to the UK and making life more difficult for them affecting housing, jobs, schooling the NHS and opinions within their families are being reflected through them. Jodie and John did appear to enjoy having the opportunity to express their opinions about issues that are highlighted in the media and discussed at home. Priya and Mlala, were more reluctant to talk about the issue, I believe they may have felt uncomfortable at times about some of the issues raised and the strength of other peoples opinions, however as the debate went on they were motivated to speak to get across their own different points of view. My Reflections I felt at the end of the lessons and the focus group that something had been achieved in the sense that Jodie and John’s opinions appeared to soften and they had learned some facts that they were previously unaware of. Priya and Mlala, I hope came out of it mor confident for speaking their minds and making their opinions known. I feel that the lessons were a success in the sense that they created a framework for debate and got the pupils thinking about these issues instead of just accepting what they read in the Tabloids and hear from the people around them. When I prepared the lessons I had to stick within the framework of the the topic for problems within Africa but I feel it would be good to have the opportunity to use the topic of Africa to challenge peoples’ preconceptions of the continent and the people, perhaps by focussing on the more positive aspects of Africa in order to give the pupils a more balanced viewpoint.